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How Ancient Epic Poetry Shaped Modern Fantasy

Ancient Greek ruins against a bright blue sky

Poetry is often overlooked, yet its influence on storytelling is profound. I have always been captivated by the rich history of poetry, which holds a special place in my heart. The oldest form of it, epic poetry, has shaped literature for centuries, inspiring everything from novels to films. These grand narratives explore heroism, fate, and morality—themes that continue to be popular. 

Two of my favorite epic poems, Virgil’s Aeneid and Dante’s Inferno, have left a lasting impression on me. The Aeneid tells the story of Aeneas, a hero destined to establish Rome, blending myth and history in a deeply moving way. Inferno, the first part of The Divine Comedy, takes readers on a haunting journey through Hell, offering timeless reflections on morality and redemption. 

Captivated by Classics

As we celebrate National Poetry Month, it’s clear that epic poetry remains as relevant as ever. Christopher Nolan’s upcoming adaptation of The Odyssey and R.F. Kuang’s Katabasis, a contemporary reimagining of Inferno, highlight how these ancient narratives continue to inspire new generations. At the Orange County Library System (OCLS), it is evident how modern readers are still captivated by the classics and contemporary twists of these epic poems.  

Headshot of white man with curly hair wearing a brown sweater

Epic poetry serves as the foundation of many of today’s most beloved stories. Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey introduced the structure of the heroic journey, a narrative pattern that persists in modern literature and film. Later, The Aeneid and Inferno expanded on these themes, offering deeper philosophical insights. 

Even today, the legacy of epic poetry is evident in fantasy literature. J.R.R. Tolkien, a scholar of ancient myths, infused The Lord of the Rings with the poetic storytelling of these classical works. Kuang’s Katabasis and Nolan’s Odyssey adaptation demonstrate how these themes remain timeless, proving that epic poems stand the test of time. 

Undeniable Influence

This month, at OCLS, help celebrate the lasting impact of poetry through our collection and poetry-themed programs. Our shelves hold classic epics like The Aeneid and Inferno alongside contemporary works that carry on the tradition of powerful poetic storytelling. One of my recent favorites is Dearly: New Poems by Margaret Atwood, a testament to how poetry continues to evolve while maintaining its emotional and intellectual depth. 

Poetry may not always receive as much attention as novels or films, but its influence is undeniable. These epic narratives have shaped the stories we tell and how we understand the world. This National Poetry Month, I encourage you to explore poetry! 

Ashton is a librarian at OCLS